Prevalence of Screening Colonoscopy among the First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Colorectal Cancer and Related Factors

Abstract 

Background: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) possess a higher risk of developing CRC. Colonoscopy is among the most effective screening methods for preventing CRC. This study aimed to assess screening rates among FDRs of patients with CRC and determine obstacles to screening in this population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran. A total of 160 asymptomatic FDRs were identified and considered eligible for inclusion in the analysis.

Results: The mean age of FDRs was 50 years, and 65.6% were at high risk for CRC. Only 32.4% underwent screening according to guidelines, and all of them were classified as high-risk. Index patients (IPs) aged under 50 and receiving a recommendation for screening were identified as two main factors associated with guideline-based CRC screening. Among FDRs who did not undergo colonoscopy, 64.4% were unaware of the risk of CRC, and 56.3% lacked knowledge about the procedure.

Conclusion: Urgent implementation of effective interventions and improved education for both healthcare providers and patients on risk-based CRC screening for FDRs is crucial. Further descriptive investigations are needed to identify barriers to CRC screening in this population.